One text, 3 sources · Trismegistos-Text 11979

Declaration of birth of illegitimate twins by Sempronia Gemella TM 11979Alexandria, province of EgyptApril 29, 145 A.D.

The same ancient text or artifact as recorded by 3 records across 3 independent projects, recognised as one entity by its TM-Text identifier. View on Trismegistos →

A Latin wax-tablet declaration, with a Greek subscription, in which the Roman woman Sempronia Gemella, acting with her guardian Gaius Iulius Saturninus, attests before seven witnesses the birth of illegitimate twin sons, Sarapion and Socration, by an unknown father. She records it privately because Roman law barred illegitimate children from the official birth register. Drawn up at Alexandria on 29 April AD 145.

In English machine translation

[4] (Seals) of Marcus Vibius Pollio, Marcus Octavius Serenus, Lucius Aemilius Maximus, Lucius Caponius Saturninus, Gaius Aebutius Saturninus, Gaius Vibievius Crassus, Marcus Holconius Ampissus. Sempronia Gemella, with her guardian Gaius Iulius Saturninus authorizing, declared before those who were about to seal that on the 12th day before the Kalends of April last past (21 March) she gave birth, by an unknown father, to male twins, and that they are called Marcus Sempronius Sarapion and Marcus Sempronius Socration, sons of Spurius, [1] and she said that she had made this declaration for the reason that the Lex Aelia Sentia and the Lex Papia Poppaea forbid the registration of illegitimate sons or daughters in the official register. Concerning this matter two tablets were written to the same effect. Done at Alexandria by Egypt, on the 3rd day before the Kalends of May, in the consulship of Imperator Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius for the 4th time and Marcus Aurelius Caesar for the 2nd time, in year 8 of Imperator Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius, month Pachon, day 4. I, Sempronia Gemella, with my guardian Gaius Iulius Saturnilus, have made the declaration that two twin sons were born to me by an unknown father and that they have been named Marcus Sempronius Sarapion and Marcus Sempronius Socration, sons of Spurius, as stated above. I, Gaius Iulius Saturnilus, was registered as her guardian and wrote on her behalf, since she does not know letters. [2] Sempronia Gemella, with her guardian Gaius Iulius Saturninus authorizing, declared before those who were about to seal that on the 12th day before the Kalends of April last past she gave birth, by an unknown father, to male twins, and that they are called Marcus Sempronius Sarapion and Marcus Sempronius Socration, sons of Spurius, and she said that she had made this declaration for the reason that the Lex [3] Aelia Sentia and the Lex Papia Poppaea forbid the registration of illegitimate sons or daughters in the official register. Concerning this matter two tablets were written to the same effect. Done at Alexandria by Egypt, on the 3rd day before the Kalends of May, in the consulship of Imperator Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius for the 4th time and Marcus Aurelius Caesar for the 2nd time, in year 8 of Imperator Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius, month Pachon, day 4.

"Sp(urii) filii" (sons of Spurius) is the standard formula for children of unknown father, not a real father's name. The document was written at Alexandria but the tablets were found at Karanis; the guardian's name appears as Saturninus in Latin and Saturnilus in Greek.

Working translation of the DDbDP edition, made with Claude Opus 5.5 from the edition and the catalogue records shown below (catalogued as A Birth Certificate of Illegitimate Twins). It has not been reviewed by a papyrologist: check the edition before citing. Restorations follow the edition; […] marks lost text and (?) an uncertain reading.

Birth Certificate of Illegitimate Twins

Papyri.info — APIS (Advanced Papyrological Information System) — papyri · P.Mich. inv. 4529 · April 29, 145 A.D. · Alexandria, province of Egypt

Copy of the declaration of birth of illegitimate twins by their Roman mother; the father, though said to be "unknown", was probably either someone who could not get into marriage (a soldier), or someone who had a legal status lower than the mother (a local villager, for instance)

p.mich.3.169

Papyri.info — DDbDP (Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri) — text · 29. Apr. 145 · Karanis (Arsinoites)

[4] Marci Vibi Pollionis Marci Octavi Sereni Lucii Aemili Maximi Lucii Caponi Saturnini Cai Aebuti Saturnini Cai Vibievii Crassi Marci Holconi Ampissi Sempronia Gemella tutore auctore Caio Iulio Saturnino testata est eos qui signaturi erant se enixam esse ex incerto patre XII Kal…