A business letter from Hermes to his superior Sarapiakos, a steward, reporting on the sealing and sorting of wine from several vats, asking whether to sell wine that might spoil, and mentioning a dispute over a donkey deposit and a shipment of 16 cheeses. It dates to the 2nd century AD and comes from Oxyrhynchus.
In English machine translation
Hermes to the most honoured Sarapiakos, greetings.
I have sealed up the wines of the first vat without separating out the fragrant ones, but those of the second I sorted beforehand, finding 30 fragrant. The other vats I did not seal up, since the receivers said they would take delivery until Tybi 5, until the fragrant wine is settled and accurately known. Of the sealed wines I found from the 1st vat 1 of drinking wine, […] of vinegar, […] 1 entirely; and from the 2nd, 5 of drinking wine, […] of vinegar; and from the […] orchard of the 3rd vat likewise 2 of drinking wine, from the 4th vat 1, which I found in storerooms outside the part of the […]. So that it may not be lost, let me know whether you want it sold. For it cannot be carried up unless it is sold off. I argued a great deal with those who took the donkey and tangled with them when they demanded the deposit, and in the end I asked for the mina, as you decided. I have sent up 16 cheeses, of which 4 are from the former cowherd. For I dismissed him for this very reason and […] the affairs of the animals. Please have baskets sent to me for the house. […] Tybi 1.
[margin] Send the leases of the vinedressers, so that they may begin the pruning.
[verso] To Sarapiakos, steward, from Hermes […]
The Greek 'xylotomia' (literally 'wood-cutting') refers to pruning of the vines. The units of wine counted in the vats are not stated, probably jars.
Working translation of the DDbDP edition, made with Claude Opus 5.5 from the edition and the catalogue records shown below (catalogued as Letter of Hermes to Sarapiacus). It has not been reviewed by a papyrologist: check the edition before citing. Restorations follow the edition; […] marks lost text and (?) an uncertain reading.